MENINGOCOCCAL MENINGITIS DISEASE
Meningococcal meningitis disease is a serious, potentially fatal illness caused by bacteria. Symptoms may resemble the flu but progress rapidly and can often cause death within two days. For those that survive, long term effects can include brain damage, seizures, hearing loss or limb amputations.
Meningitis is contagious and is spread through air droplets and direct contact with infected persons. It can be spread through coughing, sneezing, kissing or sharing items like drinking glasses, lip balm, eating utensils, or cigarettes.
Adolescents and young adults are at increased risk of contracting this disease. The reason for the increased risk may be due to lifestyle factors common among these age groups, such as living in crowded situations (dormitories), going to bars, smoking, and irregular sleep habits.
However, the majority of cases among adolescents are preventable by vaccination. The vaccine is a covered benefit, paid for by most major insurance companies and Medicaid. Additionally, the vaccine is available to VFC-eligible children that meet the ACIP recommended coverage groups listed below. Children through 18 years of age who meet at least one of the following criteria are considered VFC-eligible:
Medicaid eligible: A child who is eligible for the Medicaid program. (For the purposes of the VFC program the terms Medicaid-eligible and Medicaid-enrolled are equivalent and refer to children who have health insurance covered by a state Medicaid program)
Uninsured: A child who has no health insurance coverage
Indian (American Indian or Alaska Native): As defined by the Indian Health Care Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1603)
Underinsured: Children who have commercial (private) health insurance but the coverage does not include vaccines, children whose insurance covers only selected vaccines (VFC-eligible for non-covered vaccines only), or children whose insurance
Meningococcal immunization is required for the following age groups:
Two doses. One dose is required for individuals entering the seventh grade or by 12 years of age, whichever comes first, on or after July 1, 2015. A booster dose is required for individuals entering the 12th grade or by 17 years of age, whichever comes first. Individuals who entered seventh grade before July 1, 2015 are not required to receive the first dose. The booster dose does not apply to individuals who entered the 12th grade before August 1, 2020. If the first dose is administered on or after the 16th birthday, a booster dose is not required. Individuals born before January 1, 2003 shall not be required to receive meningococcal conjugate vaccine.
In addition to being vaccinated, young adults can reduce their risk for contracting the disease by not sharing eating utensils, beverages, cigarettes, etc.
For medical advice about meningococcal immunization, consult your physician, college health service or local public health department.
Meningococcal Television Public Service Announcement (PSA)